Full Name of the Test	Birth to Three Assessment and Intervention System: Screening Test of Learning and Language Development
Authors	Tina E. Bangs, Ph.D and Susan Dodson
Year of Publication	1986
Publisher	DLM Teaching Resources
Current Cost (include a list of additional materials such as score forms, etc.)	Complete set $229.00 Additional materials: Intervention manual (a parent-teacher interaction program), checklist of learning and language behavior and an examiner’s manual
Purpose of the test	This test is designed and constructed to serve as a screening instrument that will identify children who are at high risk for developmental delay. Those children who are identified as being at high risk in one or more of the behavioral categories in the screening test should be referred for in-depth testing and appropriate placement in an intervention program.
Ages for whom the test is intended	Birth to 36 months (4 months to 36 months)
List Subtests	Language Comprehension, Language Expression, Avenues to Learning, Social/ Personal Development and Motor Development
Describe the normative sample	357 children from three states: California, Tennessee and Utah. Subjects were evenly divided into six age groups at 6-month intervals in the birth to 36- month range in the five behavioral categories. There were 20 children in each 6-month group in each of the three states, which yielded a sample of 60 children in each age group. In addition, the sample was evenly divided by sex and type of community ( rural and urban), and there were 187 males and 173 females. An attempt was made to include children of varying ethnic backgrounds and socioeconomic statuses.
Are the norms appropriate for use in Boone?	yes
Describe how reliability was established	Interrater reliability was obtained with three different pairs of raters. The first pair of raters consisted of the senior author and a speech pathologist that had never administered the Screening test until practice administrations. The second pair was the senior author and nurse who also had never administered the test until practice administrations. The third pair was the speech pathologist and the nurse. Each pair scored the protocols of 25 children who were divided evenly among the six age groups. The reliability coefficients for total and subscale scores ranged from .88 to .99, with all but one of these correlations being .93 or greater
Describe how validity was established	Validity of the screening test was established through selection of subjects for the standardization sample, examiner’s qualifications, and analysis of the data. The examiner’s qualifications included being speech language pathologists, and each tester received copies of a score sheet and an accompanying manual for administering the items. Data analysis includes data three states were analyzed to select the final 85 items for inclusion in the Screening Test. The objective was to identify 3 behaviors that could be expected to occur in at least 80% of the children at each of the following age levels: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months. In the final analysis of the data, not every 6-month age group included three behaviors that met criterion. Three age groups had only two behaviors, and one age group contained only one behavior. Further analysis of these data revealed no consistent differences between children living in rural or urban communities and only slight differences between boys and girls, with girls scoring higher than boys.
Describe a situation for which it would be chosen over the other tests	The procedures for administering the test permit the examiner to select and present categories and items within the categories in whatever sequence the examiner deems appropriate. The screening test places little emphasis on the time needed to elicit a response from the child, uses materials that are a part of the child’s environment, and does not require a specially designed examining room.
Describe a situation for which it should not be chosen over the other tests.	This test would not be appropriate for children from the northeastern part of the country. The three states used to standardize the test were California, Tennessee and Utah.