The Primary Theatre Artist
                Artistic license
            Director organizes the performance into a unified whole

A Brief History of Directing
        Playwrights in Control
                            -Greek
                            -Sophocles
                            -Romans
           Actors in Control
                            -Renaissance
                            -casting
                            -movement
                            -1750-1850-star system
                            -actor-manager
                            -prompters

The Need to Control Actors
                        -19th century
                                    -stage machinery
                                    -special effects
                  -The First Directors
                            -began in 1860's
                            -Legal Authority Over Actors
                                     -George II, the Duke of Saxe Meinengen
                                     -blocking
                Autocratic Personalities
                            -Richard Wagner
                                                    -Bayreuth -Gesamtkunstwerk
                            -George Bernard Shaw
                    Independent Theatre Movement - The Naturalistic Directors
                                     -Antoine,Brahm, Stanislavsky
                                     -Max Reinhardt
                                     -promptbooks

The Current Practice of Directing
                -no two directors direct in the same way
            The Director as Interpreter
                        -director is the builder
                        -interpreting the overall action
                        -unified vision
                        -Stanislavsky -super objective
                        -Harold Clurman-spine
                        -Zelda Fichandler-zamissel (the pervading thought)
                                -total vision of the stage action

Research and Analysis
                The Director's Imagination
                                -major ideological dispute
                                -conceptual
                                -auteur
                Interpretive Directors
                Conceptual Directors
                                -Peter Brook
                                -Peter Weiss
                                -they reinterpret or reconstruct the play
                                -recombine components
                                -Orson Welles
                                -Peter Sellars
                                -ego tripping vs refreshing
                    -film
                    -TV

The Director as Unifier: Guarding and Guiding the Concept
                -Richard Thomas
                The Director's Two Hats
                            -can not do it by themselves
                            -director and diplomat
                Promoting Unity Through Collaboration
                            -directorial concept
                            -"worse thing that can happen is to get back exactly what you ask for"
                            -imagination
                            -concept meetings
                            -production meetings

Casting: Choosing the Actors
                 -Andrew Lloyd Webber -Sunset Blvd.
                -directors
                -producers cast
                -playwright cast
                -human types and talents
                -specific description vs indications

Auditions: the Mechanics of Casting
                        -auditions
                        -George Abbot
             -Casting by Type
             -Casting Against Type
             -Nontraditional Casting
            -color blind
            -gender neutral
            -cross societal
            -ethnic specific casting

Staging the Play
            -director's canvas is the stage
            -create moving pictures
            -set is a machine for acting
            Picturization
                        -focus
                        -body position
                        -stage area
                        -levels
                        -plane
                        -triangulation
                        -contrast
                        -movement
            Storytelling
                        -subtext
            Stage Movement
                        -spoken dialogue and unspoken subtext
                        -aggressive
                        -weak
            Blocking

Rehearsing the Play
                -time varies
                -directors make choices on how to use this rehearsal time
                     Working with the Actors
                                            -collaboration
                                            -respect
                                            -risk taking and creativity
                                            -line reading
                                            -more authority vs creativity
                                            -George Abbot
                                            -readthrough
                                            -blocking
                                            -business and polishing
                                            -technical rehearsals
                                            -dress rehearsals

Working with Technicians:Technical Rehearsals
Working with Everybody: Dress Rehearsals
Rehearing the Audience: Previews
The Director as Ideal Audience
Arousing and Manipulation Emotional Responses
Comprehending Stage Action
Comprehending Dramatic Choices
                -change parts of scripts to suit the audience
                -rewrite
                -when do adaptations and alterations become too much?

An Imprint of Directorial Choices
            -promptbook
            -skills needed
            -understand people
            -organizer
            -teacher
            -politician
            -psychic detective
            -lay analyst
            -technician
            -literature, acting
            -psychology of actor-
            -knowledge of visual arts
            -knowledge of music
            -knowledge of history

The Necessity of Entrusting
-director needs to trust designers, technicians and actors
            Dramaturg
            Musical Director
            Choreographer
            Voice/Dialogue coach
            Fight Director
            Casting director
            Stage Managers
                    -PSM
                    -SM
                    -ASM

The Director at Work
            Ariane Mnouchkine
                    -transcultural production
                    -reference to social traumas
            Choices